Bihar Map and District List State Information

Indian States and Union Territories


Indian States - Bihar

History and Geography


Bihar finds mention in the Vedas, Puranas, epics, etc., and was the main scene of activities of Buddha, and 24 Jain Tirthankars. Great rulers of the State before the Christian era were Bimbisar, Udayin, who founded the city of Pataliputra. Chandragupta Maurya and Emperor Ashoka and Maurya dynasty, the Sungs and the Kanvas. Then came the Kushan rulers followed by Chandragupta Vikramaditya of the Gupta dynasty. Muslim rulers made in-roads into the territory during medieval period. The first conqueror of Bihar was Mohammed- bin-Bakhtiar Khalji. The Tughluqs and then the Mughals followed the Khaljis.

One of the major states of the Indian Union, Bihar is bounded on the north by Nepal, on the east by West Bengal, on west by Uttar Pradesh and on the south by Jharkhand. Bihar has a number of rivers, the most important of which is the Ganga. The other rivers are the Sone, Poonpoon, Falgu, Karmanasa, Durgawati, Kosi, Gandak, Ghaghara, etc.

Agriculture

Bihar has a total geographical area of about 93.60 lakh hectare, out of which only 56.03 lakh hectare is the net cultivated area and gross cultivated area being 79.46 lakh hectare. About 33.51 lakh hectare net area and 43.86 lakh hectare gross area receive irrigation from different sources. Principal food crops are paddy, wheat, maize and pulses. Main cash crops are sugarcane, potato, tobacco, oilseeds, onion, chillies, jute and roselle. Bihar has notified forest area of 6,764.14 sq. km, which is 7.1 per cent of its geographical area.

Industries

Major Industries are: Railway Wagon Plants of Bharat Wagon Limited at Muzaffarpur and Mokamah; Oil Refinery of Indian Oil Corporation at Barauni; Fertilizer Manufacturing Plant of HPCL at Barauni and PPCL at Amjhor; Cotton Spinning Mills at Siwan, Pandaul, Bhagalpur, Mokamah and Gaya; 13 sugar mills in private sector and 15 in the public sector located in south and north Bihar with a total crushing capacity of 45,000 TPD. In addition, distilleries at Gopalganj, West Champaran, Bhagalpur and Riga (in Sitamarhi district); Finished Leather Industry in West Champaran, Muzaffarpur and Barauni; Jute Mills at Katihar and Samastipur; Medicine Manufacturing Unit at Hajipur; Food Processing Units as also Vanaspati Manufacturing Units at Aurangabad and Patna; besides Kalyanpur Cement Limited at Banjari, are notable in the industrial map of Bihar.

Irrigation

Bihar has an irrigation potential of 28.63 lakh hectares. It is created through major and medium irrigation schemes and 48.97 lakh hectares through minor irrigation schemes.

Transport

Roads: Up to March 2008, Bihar had 45721.059 km of pucca roads including 3734.38 km of national highways and 3766.029 km of state highways, 7992.65 km of major District Roads, 2828.00 km. of other District Roads and 27400 km. of Rural Roads.
Railways: Bihar has a fairly good railway network. There is a railway bridge at Mokamaha in north Bihar. A few railway routes connecting important places like Muzaffarpur-Samastipur-Barauni-Katihar and Muzaffarpur-Chapra-Siwan have been converted into broad gauge. The main rail junctions are at Patna, Gaya, Muzaffarpur, Katihar and Samastipur, etc.

Aviation: There is an international airport at Patna, besides landing grounds in all major districts of the State.

Tourist Centres

Ruins of Nalanda
Important places of tourist interest are Rajgir, Nalanda, Vaishali, Pawapuri (where Lord Mahavira breathed his last and attained Nirvana), Bodh Gaya, Vikramshila (ruins of Buddhist University of higher learning), Gaya, Patna (ancient city of Patliputra), Sasaram (tomb of Shershah Suri) and Madhubani (known for its famous Madhubani Paintings).

Mundeshwari Mandir (Kaimur), Rohtras Garh Fort (Rohtas), Jain Pilgrim Place, Kundalpur (Nalanda), Bihar School of Yoga (Munger), Manersharif Patna, Rural Tourist Place Nepura (Nalanda), Kesaria Stupa (East Champaran), Barabar Hills (Jehanabad) and Lauria Nandangarh are also important tourist places.


Bihar Map

Districts List of Bihar

 

S.No	District	Area in Sq Km	Population	Headquarter
1	Araria	2,830	16,11,638	Araria
2	Aurangabad	3,305	15,39,988	Aurangabad
3	Begusarai	1,918	18,14,773	Begusarai
4	Bhagalpur	2,570	19,09,967	Bhagalpur
5	Banka	3,019	12,92,504	Banka
6	Bhojpur	2,337	22,33,415	Arrah
7	Buxar	1,624	1,08,766	Buxar
8	Bhabhua (Kaimur)	1,840.00	9,83,269	Bhabhua
9	Darbhanga	2,279	25,10,959	Darbhanga
10	East Champaran	3,968	30,43,061	Motihari
11	Gaya	4,976	26,64,803	Gaya
12	Goplaganj	2,033	17,04,310	Gopalganj
13	Jahanabad&Arwal	1,569	11,74,900	Jahanabad
14	Jamui	2,996	10,51,527	Jamui
15	Katihar	3,057	18,25,380	Katihar
16	Khagaria	1,486	9,87,227	Khagaria
17	Kishanganj	1,884	9,84,107	Kishanganj
18	Lakshisarai	3,302	6,71,634	Lakhisarai
19	Madhepura	2,501	11,77,706	Madhepura
20	Madhubani	2,501	28,32,024	Madhubani
21	Munger	-	11,35,499	Munger
22	Muzaffarpur	3,172	29,53,903	Muzaffarpur
23	Nalanda	2,367	19,97,995	Biharsharif
24	Nawada	2,494	13,59,694	Nawada
25	Patna	3,202	36,18,211	Patna
26	Purnea	3,229	18,78,885	Purnea
27	Rohtas	3,838.00	24,48,762	Sasaram
28	Saharsa	1,696	11,32,413	Saharsa
29	Samastipur	2,904	27,16,929	Samastipur
30	Saran	2,641	25,72,980	Chapra
31	Shekhpura	-	3,93,283	Shekhpura
32	Sheohar	-	3,77,699	Sheohar
33	Sitamari	2,627	20,13,796	Sitamarhi
34	Siwan	2,219	21,70,971	Siwan
35	Supaul	2,420	13,42,841	Supaul
36	Vaishali	2,036	21,46,065	Hazipur
37	West Champaran	5,228	23,33,666	Betiah